Latin study reference
Latin Perfect Stems & Reduplication: grammar reference
Study Latin perfect stems & reduplication: Perfect stem patterns, Reduplication, Contracted forms. Reference tables, labeled forms, and interactive practice.
Perfect stem patterns
| Pattern | Present | Perfect |
|---|---|---|
| -v- | amō | amāvī |
| -u- | moneō | monuī |
| -s- | scrībō | scrīpsī |
| -s- + consonant | regō | rēxī |
| Vowel lengthening | veniō | vēnī |
| Vowel change | capiō | cēpī |
| Same stem | vertō | vertī |
Learn the third principal part. Latin has no regular Greek-style augment.
Reduplication
| Present | Perfect |
|---|---|
| dō | dedī |
| currō | cucurrī |
| tangō | tetigī |
| pellō | pepulī |
| repellō | reppulī |
Compounds often lose reduplication.
Contracted forms
| Full form | Contracted |
|---|---|
| amāvistī | amāstī |
| amāvisse | amāsse |
| audīvistī | audīstī |
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- Alphabet & Pronunciation
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Sources and scope
Selected reference content from the Word Radicals curriculum, shared with the iOS app. Model forms illustrate patterns; they do not give every form of every word.
Allen & Greenough: Latin Grammar · Bennett: New Latin Grammar