Latin study reference
Latin Noun System: grammar reference
Study Latin noun system: Five declensions, Case uses, Neuter & i-stem, Place, First declension · feminine, Second declension · masculine, Second declension ·…
Five declensions
| Decl. | Gen. sg. | Model |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | -ae | puella, puellae |
| 2nd | -ī | servus, servī |
| 3rd | -is | rēx, rēgis |
| 4th | -ūs | manus, manūs |
| 5th | -eī / -ēī | rēs, reī |
Case uses
| Case | Main role | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | Subject | puella venit |
| Gen. | Possession | liber puellae |
| Dat. | Recipient | puellae dat |
| Acc. | Object | puellam videt |
| Abl. | Means / separation | stilō scrībit |
| Voc. | Address | ō puella! |
| Loc. | Place where | Rōmae, domī |
Neuter & i-stem
| Pattern | Rule | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Neuter | Nom. = Acc. = Voc. | bellum |
| Neuter plural | -a | bella, corpora |
| Neuter i-stem plural | -ia | maria |
| I-stem Gen. pl. | -ium | cīvium, marium |
| Neuter i-stem Abl. sg. | -ī | marī |
Place
| Meaning | Form | Example |
|---|---|---|
| At Rome | Locative | Rōmae |
| To Rome | Accusative | Rōmam |
| From Rome | Ablative | Rōmā |
| At home | Locative | domī |
| In the country | Locative | rūrī |
Town and small-island names normally omit the preposition.
Forms and model charts
Choose a chart to read its complete forms, grammatical labels, and notes.
- puella — Latin First declension · feminine chart
girl
- servus — Latin Second declension · masculine chart
slave, servant
- bellum — Latin Second declension · neuter chart
war
- rēx — Latin Third declension · masculine chart
king
- corpus — Latin Third declension · neuter chart
body
- cīvis — Latin Third declension · i-stem chart
citizen
- mare — Latin Third declension · neuter i-stem chart
sea
- manus — Latin Fourth declension · feminine chart
hand
- cornū — Latin Fourth declension · neuter chart
horn
- rēs — Latin Fifth declension · feminine chart
thing, matter
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Sources and scope
Selected reference content from the Word Radicals curriculum, shared with the iOS app. Model forms illustrate patterns; they do not give every form of every word.
Allen & Greenough: Latin Grammar · Bennett: New Latin Grammar